1. Peanut Industry Chain

Peanuts, commonly known as “groundnuts”, are one of the world’s five major oil crops and an important source of edible oil and protein in my country. Since ancient times, it has been known as the “fruit of longevity” in my country because of its nourishing and longevity effects. Peanuts have high nutritional value, comparable to some animal foods such as eggs, milk, meat, and are easily absorbed by the human body. Therefore, together with soybeans, they are known as “vegetable meat” and “vegetarian meat”.

The peanut industry chain is mainly divided into three links, namely upstream planting, midstream trade and processing, downstream sales and terminal consumption. In general, the peanut pressing level and technology are relatively high, and the food processing level needs to be improved. In addition, from the perspective of the industry chain, the peanut industry chain is relatively long, among which peanut meal is the most typical, and it also involves feed processing, sales, and downstream aquaculture industries.

Schematic diagram of China’s peanut industry industrial chain

2. Analysis of the status quo of China’s peanut industry market

In recent years, many new peanut planting business models have emerged in the main peanut production areas in China, which has continuously increased the large-scale peanut planting area. According to statistics, my country’s peanut planting area in 2019 was 4633 thousand hectares, an increase of 0.3% year-on-year.

From the perspective of the regional distribution of peanut planting area in my country, the central region is the main peanut planting area in my country. In 2019, the peanut planting area in the central region accounted for 40.8%, followed by the eastern region, which accounted for 31.98%, and the western and northeastern regions. The planting area accounted for 15.49% and 11.74% respectively.

From the perspective of the peanut planting area in various provinces and cities, Henan Province is the largest peanut planting province in my country. According to statistics, the peanut planting area in Henan Province in 2019 was 1223.1 thousand hectares, a year-on-year increase of 1.7%; Shandong Province ranked second in the planting area, in 2019 The peanut planting area in Shandong Province was 666.5 thousand hectares, a year-on-year decrease of 4.1%; followed by Guangdong Province, where the planting area was 340.5 thousand hectares, a year-on-year increase of 2.4%.

China is a major producer of peanuts, and peanut products play an important role in the daily lives of our people. At present, my country’s peanut production accounts for about half of the country’s total oil production, accounting for 39.2% of the world’s total peanut production, and has consistently ranked first in the world. According to statistics, China’s peanut production in 2019 was 17.52 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 1.1%.

Due to the promotion of agricultural policies, technological progress and planting benefits, the national peanut yield has continued to increase in the past ten years. The average yield has increased from 3,529 kg/ha in 2011 to 3781.1 kg/ha in 2019, an average annual increase of about one percentage point. In recent years, the overall yield of peanuts in my country has leapt to the world’s advanced level.

From the perspective of the regional distribution of peanut production in my country, the peanut output in the central region accounts for 46.34%, the peanut output in the eastern region accounts for 32.42%, the peanut output in the western region accounts for 10.96%, and the peanut output in the northeast region accounts for 10.28%.

The distribution of peanuts in my country is very extensive, starting from Hainan Island in the south, Heilongjiang in the north, Taiwan in the east, and Xinjiang in the west. Peanuts are cultivated, but they are mainly distributed in Henan, Shandong, Guangdong, Hebei, Liaoning, Hubei, Jilin and other regions. Among them, the region with the highest output is Henan Province. The output in 2019 reached 5,767,200 tons, an increase of 0.7% year-on-year.

With the further adjustment of the domestic planting structure and the rapid growth of peanut imports in recent years, the pattern of peanut production, processing and trade in China is changing. According to statistics, in 2020, my country’s peanut imports will reach 1.0878 million tons, and the import value will be 846 million US dollars. Among them, the imported shelled peanuts will reach 765,200 tons and the shelled peanuts will be 320,000 tons, both of which set a historical record for the same period. In addition to imported shelled and shelled peanuts, my country also imports some roasted peanuts, peanut butter, canned peanuts, etc., but the import volume is not large.

3. Analysis of the domestic trade model of China’s peanut market

my country’s peanut trade is mainly divided into three modes: one is the purchase of peanut brokers and traders from farmers; the second is the integration of “company + farmer” planting and purchasing; the third is that processing companies purchase directly from growers and cooperatives:

4. Overview of the current situation of peanut processing products

Peanuts are not only rich in nutrients, but also have multiple functions of promoting cell development, improving intelligence, anti-aging, preventing premature aging, preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and anticoagulation. The nutritional value and health function of peanut determine that peanut is an important research focus in the field of plant resource utilization after soybean. Peanuts are rich in nutrients and taste very delicious whether they are eaten raw, cooked or processed.

At present, dedicated to the comprehensive utilization of peanuts and vigorously developing peanut food to meet consumer demand has become a hot spot in peanut food processing.